–JSP page指令 
–JSP taglib指令 
–JSP include指令
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? JSP page指令 
– page指令的用途 
? 为根据JSP页面生成的servlet指定高层的信息 
– 能够控制 
? 导入哪些类 
?该servlet扩展哪个类 
? 产生哪种MIME类型 
? 如何处理多线程 
? servlet是否共享会话 
? 输出缓冲区的大小的行为 
? 由哪个页面来处理意外的错误 
– import属性 
? 格式 
– <%@ page import="package.class" %> 
– <%@ page import="package.class1,...,package.classN" %> 
? 目的 
–在servlet定义的顶部生成导入语句 
? 注意 
– 尽管JSP页面几乎可以放在服务器的任何位置,但由JSP使用的类必须放在常规的servlet目录中 
? 例如: 
– …/WEB-INF/classes或 
– …/WEB-INF/classes/directoryMatchingPackage
? 示例(代码) 
–<%@ page import="java.util.*,com.amaker.*" %>
TestImport.java
User.java
TestImport.jsp
测试
看一下转换的Servlet文件哈~
TestImport_jsp.java
package org.apache.jsp;    


import javax.servlet.*;    

import javax.servlet.http.*;    

import javax.servlet.jsp.*;    

import java.util.*;    

import com.michael.jsp.*;    


public 
final 
class TestImport_jsp 
extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase    

        
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {    


    
private 
static 
final JspFactory _jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();    


    
private 
static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;    


    
private javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;    

    
private org.apache.AnnotationProcessor _jsp_annotationprocessor;    


    
public Object getDependants() {    

        
return _jspx_dependants;    

    }    


    
public 
void _jspInit() {    

        _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();    

        _jsp_annotationprocessor = (org.apache.AnnotationProcessor) getServletConfig().getServletContext().getAttribute(org.apache.AnnotationProcessor.
class.getName());    

    }    


    
public 
void _jspDestroy() {    

    }    


    
public 
void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)    

                
throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {    


        PageContext pageContext = 
null;    

        HttpSession session = 
null;    

        ServletContext application = 
null;    

        ServletConfig config = 
null;    

        JspWriter out = 
null;    

        Object page = 
this;    

        JspWriter _jspx_out = 
null;    

        PageContext _jspx_page_context = 
null;    


        
try {    

            response.setContentType(
"text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1");    

            pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(
this, request, response,    

                                    
null
true, 8192, 
true);    

            _jspx_page_context = pageContext;    

            application = pageContext.getServletContext();    

            config = pageContext.getServletConfig();    

            session = pageContext.getSession();    

            out = pageContext.getOut();    

            _jspx_out = out;    


            out.write(
"\r\n");    

            out.write(
"\r\n");    


String path = request.getContextPath();    

String basePath = request.getScheme()+
"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";    
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">\r\n");    
            out.write("<html>\r\n");    
            out.write("    <head>\r\n");    
            out.write("        <base href=\"");    
            out.print(basePath);    
            out.write("\">\r\n");    
            out.write("        \r\n");    
            out.write("        <title>My JSP 'TestImport.jsp' starting page</title>\r\n");    
            out.write("        \r\n");    
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\r\n");    
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"cache-control\" content=\"no-cache\">\r\n");    
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"0\">        \r\n");    
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"keywords\" content=\"keyword1,keyword2,keyword3\">\r\n");    
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"description\" content=\"This is my page\">\r\n");    
            out.write("\t<!--\r\n");    
            out.write("\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"styles.css\">\r\n");    
            out.write("\t-->\r\n");    
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write("    </head>\r\n");    
            out.write("    \r\n");    
            out.write("    <body>\r\n");    
            out.write("        <h1>Test Import!</h1>\r\n");    
            out.write("        ");    
        List list = new ArrayList();    
        User u = new User();    
        u.setId(1);    
        u.setName("michael");    
        list.add(u);    
        for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){    
                User u2 = (User) list.get(i);    
                out.println(u2.getId());    
                out.println(u2.getName());    
        }         
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write("    </body>\r\n");    
            out.write("</html>\r\n");    
        } catch (Throwable t) {    
            if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){    
                out = _jspx_out;    
                if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)    
                    try { out.clearBuffer(); } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}    
                if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);    
            }    
        } finally {    
            _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);    
        }    
    }    
 
–contentType和pageEncoding属性 
? 格式 
–<%@ page contentType="MIME-Type" %> 
–<%@ page contentType="MIME-Type;charset=Character-Set" %> 
–<%@ page pageEncoding="Character-Set" %> 
? 目的 
–指定由JSP页面生成的servlet生成的页面的MIME类型 
? 注意 
–属性值不能在请求期间计算得出 
–常见MIME类型的表格,参见介绍响应报头的章节 
? 生成Excel电子表格 
–<%@ page contentType="application/vnd.ms-excel" %>
默认ISO-8859-1字符编码不显示中文,如果要显示中文可以使用gbk或gb2312
看下效果:
我们也可以不使用PageEncoding,可以指定内容类型的同时指定字符编码
看下效果:
生成Excel电子表格
看下效果:
 
TestContentType_jsp.java
package org.apache.jsp;    


import javax.servlet.*;    

import javax.servlet.http.*;    

import javax.servlet.jsp.*;    

import java.util.*;    


public 
final 
class TestContentType_jsp 
extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase    

        
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {    


    
private 
static 
final JspFactory _jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();    


    
private 
static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;    


    
private javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;    

    
private org.apache.AnnotationProcessor _jsp_annotationprocessor;    


    
public Object getDependants() {    

        
return _jspx_dependants;    

    }    


    
public 
void _jspInit() {    

        _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();    

        _jsp_annotationprocessor = (org.apache.AnnotationProcessor) getServletConfig().getServletContext().getAttribute(org.apache.AnnotationProcessor.
class.getName());    

    }    


    
public 
void _jspDestroy() {    

    }    


    
public 
void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)    

                
throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {    


        PageContext pageContext = 
null;    

        HttpSession session = 
null;    

        ServletContext application = 
null;    

        ServletConfig config = 
null;    

        JspWriter out = 
null;    

        Object page = 
this;    

        JspWriter _jspx_out = 
null;    

        PageContext _jspx_page_context = 
null;    


        
try {    

            response.setContentType(
"application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gbk");    

            pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(
this, request, response,    

                                    
null
true, 8192, 
true);    

            _jspx_page_context = pageContext;    

            application = pageContext.getServletContext();    

            config = pageContext.getServletConfig();    

            session = pageContext.getSession();    

            out = pageContext.getOut();    

            _jspx_out = out;    


            out.write(
"\r\n");    

            out.write(
"\r\n");    

            out.write(
"\r\n");    


String path = request.getContextPath();    

String basePath = request.getScheme()+
"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";    
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write('\r');    
            out.write('\n');    
            out.write('        ');    
                    out.println("tQ1\tQ2\tQ3\tQ4\tTotal");    
                out.println("Apples\t78\t87\t92\t29\t=SUM(B8:E8)");    
                out.println("Oranges\t77\t86\t93\t30\t=SUM(B9:E9)");    
            out.write("\r\n");    
            out.write("\r\n");    
        } catch (Throwable t) {    
            if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){    
                out = _jspx_out;    
                if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)    
                    try { out.clearBuffer(); } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}    
                if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);    
            }    
        } finally {    
            _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);    
        }    
    }    
–session属性 
?格式 
–<%@ page session="true" %> <%-- Default --%> 
–<%@ page session="false" %> 
?目的 
–指定页面是不是会话的一部分 
?注意 
–默认地,它是属于会话 
–如果网站的流量较大,可以节省服务器端的内存 
–要想真正起到作用,所有的相关网页都必须这样做
– errorPage属性 
? 格式 
– <%@ page errorPage="Relative URL" %> 
? 目的 
– 指定一个JSP页面,抛出的任何异常如果未在当前页面内被捕获,则由该页面进行处理。
TestErrorPage.jsp
此程序错误为空指向异常
现在加一个错误转向页面
TestErrorPage.jsp
error.jsp
看下效果:
? 注意 
– 指定的错误处理页面可以通过“exception”变量来访问所抛出的异常。 
– web.xml文件允许我们指定适用于整个应用的错误页面,当任何确定的异常或确定的HTTP状态代码产生时,都会使用该页面来处理。 
– errorPage属性仅用于指定特定页面的错误页面
web.xml
404.jsp
看下效果:
 
– isErrorPage属性 
? 格式 
– <%@ page isErrorPage="true" %> 
– <%@ page isErrorPage="false" %> <%-- Default --%> 
? 目的 
– 标示当前页面是否可以作为其他JSP页面的错误页面。 
? 注意 
– 名为exception的新预定义变量会被创建,并能够在错误页面中对其进行访问 
– 只能将其作为紧急备份;明确地处理尽可能多的各种异常 
– 不要忘记一定要检查查询数据中的值是否缺失或异常
下面指定被处理页面的错误类型
error.jsp
看下效果:
? JSP taglib指令 
–格式 
? <%@ taglib uri=“” prefix=“”%> 
–uri:自定义标签的uri 
–prefix:标签前缀 
–目的 
?在当前页面导入自定义标签 
–示例 
?使用JSTL 
– <%@ taglib uri="  prefix="c" %>
TestTagLib.jsp
看下效果:
再看另一实例
TestTagLib.jsp
看下效果:
? JSP include指令 
–格式 
? <%@ include file="Relative URL" %> 
–目的 
?为了在多个页面重用JSP内容,且需要JSP页面能够影响主页面
Head.jsp
footer.jsp
main.jsp
看下结果:
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